, ,

47 ACTION PLANS HAVE BEEN RELEASED FOR 2014-2015 (47 RENCANA AKSI TELAH DIRILIS UNTUK PERIODE 2014-2015)

Thursday, August 7, 2014

Indonesia has released the 3rd Action Plan for 2014-2015. The design is made to assure the equality with Indonesia’s OGP Lead Chairmanship theme of ‘Promoting Public Participation’. It also emphasizes the importance of OGP movement to sub-national provinces and city level, where there are the center of citizens and real development. The Action Plan has announced some innovation to increase the awareness of public participation, such as holding “SOLUSIMU” (“Your Solution” in English), the contest of proposing any solution from people across nation to improve governance system; integrating inputs from CSOs to formulate the CSOs’ recommendation for the Action Plan; and involving youth as a new stakeholder group in each action plan development meeting.

Indonesia telah merilis Rencana Aksi yang ketiga untuk periode 2014-2015. Desain Rencana Aksi (Renaksi) ini dibuat untuk menjamin kesetaraan dengan kepemimpinan Pemerintahan Terbuka yang bertemakan “Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat” (Promoting Public Participation). Hal ini juga menekankan pentingnya gerakan Pemerintahan Terbuka untuk tingkat provinsi sub-nasional dan kota, di mana wilayah tersebut merupakan tempat pemusatan warga dan tempat perkembangan riil. Renaksi ini telah membuat beberapa terobosan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran partisipasi publik., seperti “SOLUSIMU” (dalam Bahasa Inggris Your Solution) yaitu suatu kontes di mana orang-orang yang berbeda negara bisa mengusulkan solusi apapun untuk memperbaiki sistem pemerintahan; menggabungkan masukan-masukan dari Organisasi-organisasi Masyarakat Sipil (OMS) untuk Renaksi; dan melibatkan pemuda sebagai kelompok stakeholder baru untuk berpartisipasi dalam setiap pertemuan pengembangan Renaksi.


There are 47 Action Plans agreed and divided into four groups of commitments related to the public service area. The action plan has the aim of increasing transparency and accountability on every ministry in vital sectors, such as economy, health, education, social, and law.

Terdapat sebanyak 47 Renaksi yang telah disepakati dan diklasifikasikan menjadi empat kelompok komitmen yang terkait dengan area pelayanan publik. Renaksi ini memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan akuntabilitas pada setiap kementrian di sektor-sektor utama, seperti ekonomi, kesehatan, pendidikan, sosial dan hukum.

Tentang "Negara Mundur" dan Konsekuensinya Terhadap Hukum Administrasi (The State in Retreat and Its Consequences on Administrative Law)

Saturday, April 19, 2014

I was invited to Municipal Services Project Conference, Putting Public in Public Services: Research, Action and Equity in the Global South International Conference – Cape Town, South Africa April 13-16, 2014. My paper entitled "The State Retreats and Never Returns: Consequences of Neoliberal Reforms on Administrative Law Protection in Indonesia" and the conference presentation are available for download int he links provided (both in English). The remainder of this post will be in Bahasa Indonesia.

Saya diundang oleh Municipal Services Project untuk memberikan presentasi atas karya tulis saya, pada Konferensi Putting Public in Public Services: Research, Action and Equity in the Global South International Conference – Cape Town, South Africa April 13-16, 2014. Paper saya yang berjudul  "The State Retreats and Never Returns: Consequences of Neoliberal Reforms on Administrative Law Protection in Indonesia" beserta presentasinya dapat di download di link tersebut.

Pada intinya tulisan saya membahas mengenai fenomena "negara mundur" dan penolakan terhadap "negara regulasi" di Indonesia. Baik fenomena negara mundur dan diskursus perihal "negara regulasi" sebenarnya belum begitu populer di Indonesia, walaupun pada kenyataannya, gejala tersebut ditemukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.

Saya membandingkan fenomena mundurnya negara di Indonesia dengan di beberapa negara industri maju, terutama di eropah. Di eropah, negara mundur dan kemudian kembali lagi sebagai regulator, yang mana perannya tidak lagi memberikan pelayanan publik, melainkan sebagai regulator atas pelayanan publik yang diberikan oleh pihak bukan negara (non state actors). Nah, di Indonesia, menurut analisa dan beberapa studi kasus yang saya lakukan, negara juga mundur, namun tidak kembali lagi sebagai regulator. Sebagai konsekuensinya, maka beberapa perlindungan hukum administrasi negara yang tadinya tersedia bagi warga negara, menjadi tidak tersedia. Saya memberikan beberapa studi kasus: Privatisasi Air di Batam, Penerapan UU Keterbukaan Informasi Publik pada Konsesi Air di Jakarta dan terakhir, Keterbatasan UU Pelayanan Publik. 

Ada dua penjelasan yang saya tawarkan. Pertama, penolakan Negara Regulasi pada tingkatan Mahkamah Konstitusi -- karena pengaruh beberapa Jurist yang mendukung negara kesejahteraan seperti Wolfgang Friedmann -- dan di sisi lain, delegasi/privatisasi terselubung kepada aktor bukan negara, yakni privatisasi yang dilakukan bukan dengan metode "full divestiture" atau penjualan saham atau aset, melainkan lewat kontrak dan mekanisme lainnya. Ironisnya, gerakan menolak privatisasi menurut saya, justru mengakibatkan regulasi tidak berkembang dan perlindungan hukum administrasi menjadi hilang.

Penjelasan kedua adalah gerakan tata kelola pemerintahan (Good Governance), yang hanya menitik beratkan akuntabilitas pada fungsi tradisional negara, sementara fungsi-fungsi tersebut sebenarnya sudah didelegasikan kepada aktor bukan negara. Trend ini, misalnya lewat UU Keterbukaan Informasi Publik atau UU Pelayanan Publik memang cukup efektif dalam membuat negara akuntabel, tapi tidak efektif atau tidak berguna pada fungsi-fungsi yang didelegasikan.

Dalam konferensi saya bertemu banyak delegasi dari negara lain yang memberikan penjelasan menarik atas pelayanan publik di negaranya masing masing. Saya mendapatkan banyak kasus menarik mengenai pemberdayaan Perusahaan Milik Negara/BUMN di Malaysia (Kesehatan), Uruguay (Telekom) dan juga pemberdayaan sektor informal di India dan beberapa negara lainnya.

The Free Flow Principles from Article 19

Sunday, April 6, 2014

I was invited for an expert meeting in London by Article 19 last February, to discuss transparency principles applicable to water resources and services. The meeting provides input to the Free Flow Principles launched by Article 19 on the eve of the World Water Day


image

Below are quotes from several experts and activists invited to the meeting:

Amadou Kanoute, CICODEV, Senegal:
Two years ago we heard through the media about the government's plan to overhaul the institutional framework of the water delivery service in Senegal. The planned move from a service contract to a 25-year concession to a private company, would have meant a 41% increase on the tariff of water and would have made it difficult for disadvantaged consumers to access such an essential service. Just having that information and then being able to expose it pushed the government to revert. But what could have happened in Senegal has already taken place in many other countries in Africa, without notice and without people being given the opportunity to air their views. In our case we were lucky to have a free press to alert usThe Free Flow Principles – specifying obligations of states in regard to right to know, right to be heard, right to speak, public participation and transparency – will be useful to all advocacy efforts on rights to water and sanitation.”
Vanessa Lucena Empinotti, Environmental Governance Research Group at PROCAM/IEE/University of São Paulo, Brazil:
The Free Flow Principles will be instrumental in increasing transparency practices and access to information in the field of water resources.  Particularly in Brazil, The Principles will reinforce the participatory and decentralized water institutions already in place and consequently increase their influence over the State and private sector. Access to information is critical to ensuring equitable access to water and sanitation.”
Rezaul Karim Chowdhury, Coast Trust, Bangladesh:
In Bangladesh, we are in the midst of a drinking water crisis in both coastal and urban areas, mostly due to climate change. The situation is particularly critical for women who, in carrying the burden of providing for their families, are the worst to suffer. These Principles will be an invaluable tool for communities and civil society activists advocating for better governance.”
Mohamad Mova Al'Afghani, Center for Water Governance, Indonesia:
In Indonesia, disclosure in water and sanitation sector is minimal. Contracts are often kept secret and water governance tends to be implemented in a highly technical, exclusive and elitist manner. Problems relating to water are not simply about pipes and infrastructures. They are about how people resolve disputes amongst themselves and how they are able to relate themselves to the environment. If water democracy is to be realized, the public must be enabled to participate meaningfully in the process. The Principles will help empower people to do so.”
Scott Griffen, International Press Institute, Austria:
"These Principles reflect an increasing recognition of the link between development and freedom of expression. By assisting journalists to define those rights and seek to improve and promote journalistic coverage of development issues, The Principles will very much compliment our efforts to  guide journalists in their reporting of development issues. We look forward to distributing The Free Flow Principles to our network."

You can download the full principles here (English).

Mohamad Mova Al'Afghani